{"id":29589,"date":"2025-07-29T05:43:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T04:43:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/?p=29589"},"modified":"2025-07-29T05:43:16","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T04:43:16","slug":"moleculas-portadoras-de-informacion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/2025\/07\/29\/moleculas-portadoras-de-informacion\/","title":{"rendered":"Mol\u00e9culas portadoras de informaci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"wp-block-template-part\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-content-justification-space-between is-layout-flex wp-container-4\"><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained\">\n<h1 class=\"alignwide wp-block-post-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">ADN, MOL\u00c9CULA PO RTADORA DEL MENSAJE GEN\u00c9TICO. Con la formaci\u00f3n del ARN y del ADN, la Naturaleza lleg\u00f3 hasta nosotros.<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"entry-content wp-block-post-content is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><strong>ESTRUCTURA DEL ADN<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15260\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/image-7.png?resize=688%2C454&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"527\" height=\"348\" data-attachment-id=\"15260\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/image-7-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/image-7.png?fit=710%2C468&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"710,468\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-7\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/image-7.png?fit=300%2C198&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/image-7.png?fit=710%2C468&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La mol\u00e9cula de ADN suele ser muy larga, con un gran peso molecular. Cada cadena est\u00e1 formada por nucle\u00f3tidos unidos entre s\u00ed por enlaces fosfodi\u00e9ster. Su estructura es la siguiente:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Niveles de empaquetamiento del ADN. Nucleosomas, cromatina y cromosomas. Cariotipo V19\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/L0Kwlirekv4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Est\u00e1 formada por una\u00a0<strong>doble cadena de nucle\u00f3tidos<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Los nucle\u00f3tidos<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong><em>se unen entre s\u00ed a trav\u00e9s del \u00e1cido fosf\u00f3rico<\/em><\/strong>, quedando las bases nitrogenadas dispuestas lateralmente.<\/li>\n<li>Las dos\u00a0<strong><em>cadenas se unen por las bases con enlaces d\u00e9biles de puente de hidr\u00f3geno.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Las bases se emparejan de modo que siempre a la A le corresponde una T; a C le corresponde una G y viceversa (T-A; G-C).<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Ambas cadenas son antiparalelas<\/em><\/strong>, lo cual quiere decir que est\u00e1n enfrentadas en sentido opuesto y se repliega formando una\u00a0<strong>doble h\u00e9lice<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al igual que las prote\u00ednas, El ADN es una mol\u00e9cula tridimensional en la que se pueden distinguir varios niveles de organizaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ESTRUCTURA PRIMARIA:<\/strong>\u00a0Secuencia de nucle\u00f3tidos de la doble cadena. Los nucle\u00f3tidos est\u00e1n unidos entre s\u00ed mediante un\u00a0<strong>enlace covalente<\/strong>\u00a0denominado\u00a0<strong>fosfodi\u00e9ster (enlace entre un \u00e1cido fosf\u00f3rico y un grupo alcohol).<\/strong>\u00a0Este enlace se establece entre el\u00a0<strong>radical fosfato situado en el C5\u2019<\/strong>de un nucle\u00f3tido y el\u00a0<strong>radical hidroxilo\u00a0<\/strong>(-OH) del\u00a0<strong>C3\u2019 del nucle\u00f3tido anterior\u00a0<\/strong>(direcci\u00f3n5\u2019 3\u2019)<\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\" data-jetpack-block-initialized=\"true\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container swiper-container-initialized swiper-container-horizontal swiper-container-pointer-events wp-swiper-initialized\">\n<ul id=\"swiper-wrapper-5684d8f0b79f889f\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"polite\">\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate swiper-slide-prev swiper-slide-duplicate-next\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"1 \/ 4\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-15245\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/estructura-primaria-del-adn.jpg?resize=382%2C480&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"382\" height=\"480\" data-id=\"15245\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-active\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"0\" aria-hidden=\"false\" aria-label=\"2 \/ 4\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-15241\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/image-5.png?resize=490%2C412&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"490\" height=\"412\" data-id=\"15241\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-next swiper-slide-duplicate-prev\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"3 \/ 4\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-15245\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/estructura-primaria-del-adn.jpg?resize=382%2C480&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"382\" height=\"480\" data-id=\"15245\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate swiper-slide-duplicate-active\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"0\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"4 \/ 4\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-15241\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/image-5.png?resize=490%2C412&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"490\" height=\"412\" data-id=\"15241\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white swiper-pagination-custom\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Una cadena de ADN presenta dos extremos libres: el 5\u2019, unido al grupo fosfato y el 3\u2019 unido al OH. Las cadenas de nucle\u00f3tidos se diferencian en su secuencia de bases, que es la que se\u00f1ala el orden en que las bases\u00a0<strong>A, T, C y G<\/strong>\u00a0se sit\u00faan en la cadena. El orden de las bases nitrogenadas es determinante a la hora de sintetizar las prote\u00ednas.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ESTRUCTURA SECUNDARIA:<\/strong>\u00a0La anterior estructura se pliega en una\u00a0<strong>doble h\u00e9lice<\/strong>, tal como establecieron James Watson y Francis Crick en 1953.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow aligncenter\" data-effect=\"slide\" data-jetpack-block-initialized=\"true\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container swiper-container-initialized swiper-container-horizontal swiper-container-pointer-events wp-swiper-initialized\">\n<ul id=\"swiper-wrapper-180e3333a0125db8\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"polite\">\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate swiper-slide-prev\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"2\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"1 \/ 5\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2333\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/diapositiva23aaa.jpg?resize=1379%2C1050&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"479\" height=\"365\" data-id=\"2333\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-active\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"0\" aria-hidden=\"false\" aria-label=\"2 \/ 5\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-15353\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/dd6ca4cf26b60d15f493dae758f19835354f0f3c.gif?resize=290%2C430&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"430\" data-id=\"15353\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-next\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"3 \/ 5\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2314\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/diapositiva121-e1636119290549.png?resize=447%2C476&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"447\" height=\"476\" data-id=\"2314\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate-prev\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"2\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"4 \/ 5\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-2333\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/diapositiva23aaa.jpg?resize=1379%2C1050&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"445\" height=\"339\" data-id=\"2333\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate swiper-slide-duplicate-active\" role=\"group\" data-swiper-slide-index=\"0\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"5 \/ 5\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-15353\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/dd6ca4cf26b60d15f493dae758f19835354f0f3c.gif?resize=290%2C430&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"430\" data-id=\"15353\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white swiper-pagination-custom\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ESTRUCTURA TERCIARIA (ULTRAESTRUCTURA DEL ADN):<\/strong>\u00a0A partir de la doble h\u00e9lice, se genera un empaquetamiento complejo de los cromosomas en la cromatina de las c\u00e9lulas eucari\u00f3ticas gracias a 8 prote\u00ednas denominadas\u00a0<strong>HISTONAS<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/156404-03a9f4.png?ssl=1\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-23106\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/156404-03a9f4.png?resize=686%2C737&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"582\" height=\"625\" data-attachment-id=\"23106\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/156404-03a9f4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/156404-03a9f4.png?fit=952%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"952,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"156404-03a9f4\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/156404-03a9f4.png?fit=279%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/156404-03a9f4.png?fit=952%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Las histonas forman un\u00a0<strong>oct\u00e1mero<\/strong>\u00a0alrededor del cual el ADN se enrolla dando 2 vueltas gracias a la acci\u00f3n de la\u00a0<strong>histona H1<\/strong>, formando una estructura llamada\u00a0<strong>NUCLEOSOMA<\/strong>. Los nucleosomas est\u00e1n espaciados entre s\u00ed por\u00a0<em>AND linker o ADN espaciador<\/em>\u00a0formando lo que se conoce como\u00a0<strong>estructura en collar de perlas (11nm)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ESPIRALIZACI\u00d3N DE PRIMER GRADO:<\/strong>\u00a0La estructura de\u00a0<em>collar de perlas<\/em>\u00a0se pliega a\u00fan m\u00e1s en la estructura de\u00a0<strong><em>solenoide<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(<strong>30 nm<\/strong>). La histona H1 queda en la cara interna del solenoide organizando los giros de esta estructura, quedando los nucleosomas en la zona externa.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ESPIRALIZACI\u00d3N DE SEGUNDO GRADO<\/strong>: El solenoide a su vez se vuelve a plegar todav\u00eda m\u00e1s formando bucles, en una\u00a0<strong>fibra de 300 nm<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>SUPERESPIRALIZACI\u00d3N<\/strong>: A partir de esta estructura se van a producir distintos empaquetamientos hasta formar los cromosomas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONTENIDOS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/2obach\/bloque-iv-herencia-y-genetica\/ud14-adn-portador-de-mensaje-genetico\/adn-como-material-genetico\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EL ADN COMO MATERIAL GEN\u00c9TICO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/2obach\/bloque-iv-herencia-y-genetica\/ud14-adn-portador-de-mensaje-genetico\/replicacion-del-adn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CARACTER\u00cdSTICAS DE LA REPLICACI\u00d3N DEL ADN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/2obach\/bloque-iv-herencia-y-genetica\/ud14-adn-portador-de-mensaje-genetico\/adn-molecula-portadora-del-mensaje-genetico\/mecanismo-de-replicacion-del-adn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MECANISMO DE REPLICACI\u00d3N<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/2obach\/bloque-iv-herencia-y-genetica\/ud14-adn-portador-de-mensaje-genetico\/adn-molecula-portadora-del-mensaje-genetico\/mecanismo-de-replicacion-del-adn\/replicacion-en-procariotas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">REPLICACI\u00d3N EN PROCARIOTAS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/2obach\/bloque-iv-herencia-y-genetica\/ud14-adn-portador-de-mensaje-genetico\/adn-molecula-portadora-del-mensaje-genetico\/mecanismo-de-replicacion-del-adn\/replicacion-en-eucariotas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">REPLICACI\u00d3N EN EUCARIOTAS<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>ACTIVIDADES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><strong>PROBLEMAS EBAU<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>ESTRUCTURA DEL ADN, REPLICACI\u00d3N<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a class=\"wp-block-file__button\" href=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ebau-examen-replicacion.pdf\" download=\"\">BAU SOLUCI\u00d3N CRITERIO 6 LA REPLICACI\u00d3N<\/a><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Un nuevo estudio revela que la actividad f\u00edsica de intensidad moderada-vigorosa es la mejor para la salud cardiovascular. En concreto, lo hace influyendo en la estructura del \u00e1cido nucleico pero sin modificar la secuencia de genes.\u00a0<em>(Fuente: Pubilico.es).<\/em>De acuerdo al esquema adjunto:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19031 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image-4.png?resize=288%2C245&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"288\" height=\"245\" data-attachment-id=\"19031\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/image-4-5\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image-4.png?fit=288%2C245&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"288,245\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-4\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image-4.png?fit=288%2C245&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image-4.png?fit=288%2C245&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<ol id=\"block-704dadf5-4680-439a-b942-76d61f73d0f0\">\n<li>Identifica las distintas estructuras numeradas con\u00a0<strong>1<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>2<\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<strong>3<\/strong>\u00a0de la figura.<\/li>\n<li>En el fragmento englobado con el n\u00famero\u00a0<strong>4<\/strong>\u00a0hay 13 A y 19 G, indica la cantidad y tipo que habr\u00edan de las otras bases.<\/li>\n<li>Indica el n\u00famero de bases que constituyen un cod\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>Con respecto a la informaci\u00f3n que contienen los genes, \u00bfQu\u00e9 diferencia existe entre los exones y los intrones?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2.<strong>\u00a0La ADN polimerasa pudo influir en la evoluci\u00f3n de los genomas y en la diversificaci\u00f3n de la vida en la Tierra. El estudio, liderado por el C<a href=\"#\" onclick=\"referencia('unidades del si',event); return false;\">SI<\/a>C, ha sido publicado en el \u00faltimo n\u00famero de la revista Molecular Cell (Fuente: <a href=\"#\" onclick=\"referencia('unidades del si',event); return false;\">SI<\/a>NC). La replicaci\u00f3n del ADN, es un proceso importante para la perpetuaci\u00f3n de la vida.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19045 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-234.png?resize=947%2C495&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"673\" height=\"352\" data-attachment-id=\"19045\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/captura-de-pantalla-234\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-234.png?fit=947%2C495&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"947,495\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"captura-de-pantalla-234\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-234.png?fit=300%2C157&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-234.png?fit=947%2C495&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">a. \u00bfCu\u00e1l es la finalidad de la replicaci\u00f3n?<br \/>\nb. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 es tan importante que la replicaci\u00f3n se produzca de forma fiel?<br \/>\nc. \u00bfEn qu\u00e9 fase del ciclo celular se produce la replicaci\u00f3n?<br \/>\nd. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 se dice que la replicaci\u00f3n es semiconservativa?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3.\u00a0<strong>La figura representa los niveles de organizaci\u00f3n de una macromol\u00e9cula.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-242.png?ssl=1\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19066\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-242.png?resize=1353%2C267&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"158\" data-attachment-id=\"19066\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/captura-de-pantalla-242\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-242.png?fit=1353%2C267&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1353,267\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"captura-de-pantalla-242\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-242.png?fit=300%2C59&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-242.png?fit=1024%2C202&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<p>a. \u00bfDe qu\u00e9 estructura se trata?<br \/>\nb. Identifica los n\u00fameros se\u00f1alados (1 al 6) en los diferentes niveles de complejidad de la citada estructura.<br \/>\nc. \u00bfCu\u00e1l es su principal funci\u00f3n de la numerada como 6?<br \/>\nd. \u00bfD\u00f3nde la podemos encontrar la macromol\u00e9cula n. 6 en una c\u00e9lula vegetal?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>4.\u00a0<strong>La figura adjunta representa la s\u00edntesis de una importante macromol\u00e9cula relacionada con la informaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19070 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-244.png?resize=454%2C319&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"454\" height=\"319\" data-attachment-id=\"19070\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/soclalluna.com\/captura-de-pantalla-244\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-244.png?fit=454%2C319&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"454,319\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"captura-de-pantalla-244\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-244.png?fit=300%2C211&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/soclalluna.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/captura-de-pantalla-244.png?fit=454%2C319&amp;ssl=1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">a. \u00bfDe qu\u00e9 macromol\u00e9cula se trata?<br \/>\nb. \u00bfC\u00f3mo se denomina este proceso?<br \/>\nc. Identifica las estructuras se\u00f1aladas con los n\u00fameros del 1 al 4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Video sobre el empaquetamiento del ADN (primeros 15 min)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><strong>CULTURA GENERAL<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class='bookmark'>\r\n\t\t<table align='left' border='0' cellpadding='0' width='100%'>\r\n\t\t<tr><td><span class='pushbutton'><a href='http:\/\/delicious.com\/post?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emiliosilveravazquez.com%2Fblog%2F2025%2F07%2F29%2Fmoleculas-portadoras-de-informacion%2F&amp;title=Mol%C3%A9culas+portadoras+de+informaci%C3%B3n' title='Delicious' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'><img src='http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/knxdt-bookmarks-wordpress-plugin\/images\/delicious.png'  alt='' class='book_img' border='none' style='margin:1px; 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Con la formaci\u00f3n del ARN y del ADN, la Naturaleza lleg\u00f3 hasta nosotros. &nbsp; ESTRUCTURA DEL ADN &nbsp; La mol\u00e9cula de ADN suele ser muy larga, con un gran peso molecular. Cada cadena est\u00e1 formada por nucle\u00f3tidos unidos entre s\u00ed por enlaces fosfodi\u00e9ster. Su estructura es la siguiente: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_s2mail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29589"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29589"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29589\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.emiliosilveravazquez.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}